Imam Hussein University Passive Defense 2008-6849 14 4 2023 12 22 Evaluation and Defense Survey of Urmia City Using GIS Evaluation and Defense Survey of Urmia City Using GIS 33 48 208309 FA Asghar Abedini Urban Planning Department, Urmia University 0000-0002-8910-1830 َAmir Sheikhi Urban Management, Faculty of Faculty of Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-2512-8903 Journal Article 2023 04 05 Passive Defense in a country like Iran can be used to plan and create barriers to deter enemy attacks and minimize vulnerabilities in cities and in line with the issues of sustainable development and security of cities, communities and important urban infrastructures. In this regard, the present research has dealt with the zoning of Urmia city with a defense-oriented approach. The type of research is based on applied goals and a descriptive analytical nature. For this purpose, first by studying the sources related to the approach of defense and non-active defense, the number of 6 criteria and 22 sub-criteria have been selected according to the availability of information for the city of Urmia. The index weights were calculated using the ANP network analysis process in the Super Decision software. Then, by entering the indicators into the GIS environment and implementing them on the city, maps related to each indicator were produced; From the integration of sub-criteria maps related to each criterion, a zoning map was obtained based on that specific criterion, and finally, from the integration of these 6 maps, the final zoning of the defense area of Urmia city was obtained. The results of the criteria overlap map show that about 17% of the city is in the high vulnerability zone, 26% in the medium vulnerability zone and 55% in the low vulnerability zone. In the following, the SAW decision-making model was used to rank the regions, which indicates the vulnerability of regions 2 and 4 more than regions 3 and 1. Passive Defense in a country like Iran can be used to plan and create barriers to deter enemy attacks and minimize vulnerabilities in cities and in line with the issues of sustainable development and security of cities, communities and important urban infrastructures. In this regard, the present research has dealt with the zoning of Urmia city with a defense-oriented approach. The type of research is based on applied goals and a descriptive analytical nature. For this purpose, first by studying the sources related to the approach of defense and non-active defense, the number of 6 criteria and 22 sub-criteria have been selected according to the availability of information for the city of Urmia. The index weights were calculated using the ANP network analysis process in the Super Decision software. Then, by entering the indicators into the GIS environment and implementing them on the city, maps related to each indicator were produced; From the integration of sub-criteria maps related to each criterion, a zoning map was obtained based on that specific criterion, and finally, from the integration of these 6 maps, the final zoning of the defense area of Urmia city was obtained. The results of the criteria overlap map show that about 17% of the city is in the high vulnerability zone, 26% in the medium vulnerability zone and 55% in the low vulnerability zone. In the following, the SAW decision-making model was used to rank the regions, which indicates the vulnerability of regions 2 and 4 more than regions 3 and 1. https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_208309_8dc99c6f11855b3d9370bf15ac03949a.pdf