Imam Hussein University Passive Defense 2008-6849 15 2 2024 07 22 Defensive Tactics to Deal with Psychological Manipulation in the Field of Information Security Defensive Tactics to Deal with Psychological Manipulation in the Field of Information Security 131 142 209182 FA Mahdi Nakhost Department of Management,Roudehen,Islamic Azad University,Roudehen,Iran 0009-0007-5046-2763 Saber Khandan Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, Roudhan Branch, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-9314-0955 Hossein Ghazanfari Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, South Branch, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-8603-9306 Journal Article 2023 12 10 The increasing threats and dangers demand more and more the necessity of accurate and appropriate direction of governance through the formulation of a strategic document in the field of resilience of the country's water industry. Among the primary steps in compiling the desired document is to identify and measure the impact of directional elements, internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (threats and opportunities) factors affecting the resilience of the water industry. The goal of the researcher is to identify the external factors (threats and opportunities) affecting the resilience of the country's water industry, then to present a comprehensive model of the resilience of the country's water industry, and finally, path analysis models based on the most effective factors. Therefore, in the first step, based on the methodology (PESTEL), an effort was made to identify and measure the intensity and direction of the effects of external factors affecting the resilience of the water industry. Then, due to the high factor loading of the environmental variable, it was considered to investigate the effects of the mentioned variable on the resilience factor after drawing and presenting three separate path analysis models. The population of the respondents was 460 people from among managers and experts in the field of crisis management and passive defense in the country's water industry, which according to Morgan's table, the sample number is 210 people. But due to the large number of factors (7 factors), the possibility of not providing the sample adequacy index (KMO) with 210 observations and the possibility of the researcher accessing more samples, the number of observations increased to 285 people. In this research, the 7-factor, 37-item questionnaire, with a 5-point Likert scale, has a validity (by fuzzy screening method) of (0.84) and reliability with Cronbach's alpha (0.81). The results of path analysis models in this research show the considerable and significant impact (direct, indirect and total) of environmental factors through legal, economic and technological factors on the resilience of the country's water industry. The increasing threats and dangers demand more and more the necessity of accurate and appropriate direction of governance through the formulation of a strategic document in the field of resilience of the country's water industry. Among the primary steps in compiling the desired document is to identify and measure the impact of directional elements, internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (threats and opportunities) factors affecting the resilience of the water industry. The goal of the researcher is to identify the external factors (threats and opportunities) affecting the resilience of the country's water industry, then to present a comprehensive model of the resilience of the country's water industry, and finally, path analysis models based on the most effective factors. Therefore, in the first step, based on the methodology (PESTEL), an effort was made to identify and measure the intensity and direction of the effects of external factors affecting the resilience of the water industry. Then, due to the high factor loading of the environmental variable, it was considered to investigate the effects of the mentioned variable on the resilience factor after drawing and presenting three separate path analysis models. The population of the respondents was 460 people from among managers and experts in the field of crisis management and passive defense in the country's water industry, which according to Morgan's table, the sample number is 210 people. But due to the large number of factors (7 factors), the possibility of not providing the sample adequacy index (KMO) with 210 observations and the possibility of the researcher accessing more samples, the number of observations increased to 285 people. In this research, the 7-factor, 37-item questionnaire, with a 5-point Likert scale, has a validity (by fuzzy screening method) of (0.84) and reliability with Cronbach's alpha (0.81). The results of path analysis models in this research show the considerable and significant impact (direct, indirect and total) of environmental factors through legal, economic and technological factors on the resilience of the country's water industry.

https://pd.ihu.ac.ir/article_209182_d71fa5e3c9d38ca8b98ed920ebce2518.pdf