Detection of tunnels and safe defense structures using electrical resistivity methods and ground penetrating radar (GPR) with a non-active defense approach

References

  1. E. M. Sepp, “Deeply Buried Facilities: Implications for Military Operations,” Project Report No. 14, Center for Strategy and Technology, Air War College, 2000.
  2. D. A. Linger, G. H. Baker, and R. G. Little, “Application of Underground Structures for the Physical Protection of Critcal Infrastructures,” In Proc. of North American Tunneling, pp. 333- 342, 2002.
  3. A. Lance, M. Birrell, K. Borowski, S. Korth, N. Obermeyer, and E. Tesla, “Technologies for the Detection and Monitoring of Clandestine Underground Tunnels,” Project 07- 03, 2008.
  4. W. M. Telford, L. P. Geldart, and R. E. Sheriff, “Applied Geophysics,” 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, 1990.
  5. L. G. Stolarczyka, R. Troublefield, and J. Battis, “Detection of Underground Tunnels with a Synchronized Electromagnetic Wave Gradiometer,” In proc. of Sensors and C3I Technologies for Homeland Security and Defense 5778, 2005.
  6. J. M. Sabatier and T.G. Muir, “Workshop on real-time detection of clandestine shallow tunnels,” NCPA report HB0306-01 for US Army Research Office, University of Mississippi, 2006.
  7. N. C. Crawford, L. A. Croft, G. L. Cesin, and S. Wilson, “Microgravity and Electrical Resistivity Techniques for Detection of Caves and Clandestine Tunnels,” American Geophysical Union, 2006.
  8. E. Cardarelli, M. Cercato, A. Cerreto, and G. Filippo, “Electrical Resistivity and Seismic Refraction Tomography to Detect Buried Cavities,” Geophys. Prospect, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 685–695, 2010.
  9. C. J. Hickey, D. J. Schmitt, J. M. Sabatier, and G. Riddle, “Seismic Measurements for Detecting Underground High- contrast Voids,” Proc. of Symposium on Applications of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems, pp. 929-936, 2009.
  10. I. Grey, J. Caraig, and R. Douglas, “Subsurface tunnel detection using electrical resistivity tomography and seismic refractin tomography: A case study,” In Proc. of 23rd EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, 2010.
  11. A. Madanchi Zare, H. Dehghani, K. Mousa Zade, and S. Taghavi, “Modelling the Ability of Geophysics Sensors for Underground Utility Detection and Some Solutions to Disable Them,” Passive Defence Journal, vol. 16, pp. 63-76, 2013.
  12. M. H. Loke and R. D. Barker, “Rapid least-square inverson of apparent resistivity pseudosections using a quasi-Newton method,” Geophys. Prospect, vol. 44, pp. 131-152, 1996.
  13. A. Samouelian, I. Cousin, A. Tabbagh, A. Bruand, and G. Richard, “Electrical resistivity survey in soil science: a review: Soil and Tillage Research,” Elsevier, 2005.
  14. M. H. Loke, “Electrical imaging surveys for environmental and engineering studies, a practical guide to 2-D and 3-D surveys,” Tutorial, 2000.
  15. M. H. Loke and R.D. Barker, “Least-squares deconvolution of apparent resistivity pseduosections,” J. Geophys., vol. 60, pp. 1682-1690, 1995.
  16. M. H. Loke, “2-D and 3-D electrical imaging surveys,” Tutorial, 2004.
  17. P. Aasha, J. G. Anderson, J. N. Louie, and K. Satish, “Measurement of shallow shear wave velocities at a rock site using the ReMi technique,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 522-535, 2008.
  18. C. H. Shin, “Refraction Tomography parameterization,” J. Seism. Explor, vol. 8, pp. 143-156, 1999.
  19. K. Manstein and I. E. Mikhail, “Subsurface permeability for groundwater study using electrokinetic phenomenon,” Water Security in the Mediterranean Region, Springer Netherlands, pp. 87-95. 2011.
  20. G. Leucci, F. Greco, L. De Giorgi, and R. Mauceri, “Three-dimensional image of seismic refraction tomography and electrical resistivity tomography survey in the castle of Occhiola` (Sicily, Italy),” J. Archaeol. Sci., vol. 34, pp. 233- 242, 2007.
  21. H. R. Burger, “Exploration Geophysics of Shallow Subsurface,” Prentice- Hall, EaglewoodCliffs, NJ, vol. 489, 1992.
  22. O. R. Corvallis, “D. C. Resistivity methods,” Northwest Geophysical Associates, Inc., 2000.
  23. Ground Penetrating Radar, www.tstengineering.com/en/ground-penetratingradar.
  24. A. P. Annan, “Electromagnetic principles of ground penetrating radar,” vol. 1, Chapter 1, 2009.
Passive Defense
Volume 8, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
January 2020
Pages 17-28

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 23 April 2016
  • Revise Date: 22 October 2023
  • Accept Date: 19 September 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics