In recent years with the advancement of military technology, societies have become decadent and observation of the ethical principles has declined; different countries attacking each other. One of the most important defensive strategies that have been taken into account by many developed countries, is using passive defense principles for the design of hidden systems according to the patterns of deception and camouflage. The built-in camouflage, has significant advantages compared to the additive camouflage, and it is considered in the original layout when new systems are being designed. This camouflage is a component of system composition and there is no need for personnel effort to activate it. The main objective of this research is to present new patterns for design of hidden buildings and development of resistant structures by the passive method as a defensive strategy. Another goal is to increase the possibility of continuity of their activity in the face of military and terrorist attacks.
Gh. Jalali Farahani and M. Eraghizadeh, “Definition of architectural design position in the provision of inactive building defense purposes,” Arch. Sta. city quarterly, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 67-75, 2012. (In Persian).##
M. Daeinezhad, “Principles and guidelines for designing and equipping residential complexes for passive defense,” Building and housing researches center, Tehran, 2006. (In Persian)##
M. Farzamshad, “Architectural theoretical in inactive defense,” Jam publishing institute: Tehran, 2007. (In Persian).##
O. Shayesteh Afshar, “Determine the optimal city from based on passive defense principles,” Proc. 1st Ntl. Conf. Pasv. Def. resist. Bldgs. Ind., University of babol noshirvani, 2010. (In Persian).##
H. Salehi, M. Heshmati rad, M. Vaseli khabbaz, “Numerical analysis of the penetrating of non-nuclear bunker buster bombs in underground structures and the changes of the energy in the projectile,” J. Aeronautical Eng., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 23-43, 2015. (In Persian)##
S. M. Hosseini yeganeh, “Comparing in efficiency of deception plan and strengthening in buried buildings safety,” Pasv. Def. quarterly, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 25-35, 2012. (In Persian)##
V. Ghobadian, “Traditional buildings of iran,” Tehran university publishers: Tehran, 2010. (In Persian)##
F. Ghanbari, “Operational method of camouflage during design and build check,” Pasv. Def. quarterly, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 9-17, 2011. (In Persian)##
“DoD Information Enterprise Architecture,” Department of defense office of the Chief Information Officer, 2012.##
FEMA-453, “Design Guidance for Shelters and Safe Rooms,” 2006.##
J. Reitz and J. Milford, “Foundations of electromagnetic theory,” publishers of university publishing center, 1965.##
D. Cheng, “Field and wave electromagnetics,” Translated by P. Jobbehdar Maralani, M. Ghavami, sixth print, publishers Tehran university institute, Tehran, 2000. (In Persian)##
M. Seyf and S.Khazaei, “Detection and location of targets underground facilities based on gradient data by Euler's method,” Scientific Mag. Mod. science Def. Tech., vol. 6, no. 1, p. 43, 2015, (in Persian).##
F. Ghanbari, “Operational method of camouflage during design and build check,” Pasv. Def. quarterly, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 9-17, 2011. (in Persian)##
“Radar theory principles,” J. Air Tutr. Cmd., Air force of Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, 1991. (In Persian)##
J. Soltani, “Electronic navigation and radar,” Kish educational of science and technics institute: Tehran, 1991. (In Persian)##
F. Ghanbari, “Operational method of camouflage during design and build check,” Pasv. Def. quarterly, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 9-17, 2011, (in Persian).##
A. Akbarpour and S. A. Hoseini, “Explaining of blasting effect reduce method in safety places and underground,” Pasv. Def. quarterly, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 53-59, 2011. In Persian##(
FEMA-426/BIPS-06, “Buildings and infrastructure protection series,” Mitigate Potential Terrorist Attacks Against Buildings, Edition 2, 2011.##
Salehi, H., & Akbari, E. (2019). Providing Architectural Patterns for Designing Hidden Buildings Against Military Threats Based on the Built-in Camouflage Method. Passive Defense, 10(2), 83-95.
MLA
H. Salehi; E. Akbari. "Providing Architectural Patterns for Designing Hidden Buildings Against Military Threats Based on the Built-in Camouflage Method", Passive Defense, 10, 2, 2019, 83-95.
HARVARD
Salehi, H., Akbari, E. (2019). 'Providing Architectural Patterns for Designing Hidden Buildings Against Military Threats Based on the Built-in Camouflage Method', Passive Defense, 10(2), pp. 83-95.
VANCOUVER
Salehi, H., Akbari, E. Providing Architectural Patterns for Designing Hidden Buildings Against Military Threats Based on the Built-in Camouflage Method. Passive Defense, 2019; 10(2): 83-95.
)
