The Effective Factors of Emergency Evacuation in Subway Stations using the Pathfinder 2017 Simulation Software and Presenting Engineering Strategies with Passive Defense Approach Antennas

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Head of Passive Defense Organization

2 Passive Defense Organization

3 Masters of passive defense of Malek Ashtar University of Technology

Abstract

A review of the past incidents at the metro stations worldwide, shows that there have been a lot of casualties caused by fire incidents, bombings, etcetera, in subway stations because of the closure of the underground space station, population congestion and so on. Therefore, in the face of these threats, one of the important emergency responses is to protect the lives of citizens and reduce the number of human casualties and thereby increase the national sustainability of population evacuation. Therefore, in order to reduce the number of casualties due to accidents at metro stations, the evacuation status should be predictable and the time of evacuation reduced. Therefore, the necessary factors affecting the emergency evacuation of metro stations should be identified and obstacles eliminated. A quantitative method has been used to identify these factors during the evacuation process. The quantitative method used in this study is the use of the 2017 Pathfinder emergency evacuation simulation software (SFPE) for simulation and modeling of discharges in low, medium and peak times in the metro station, in different scenarios taking into account different speeds of movement, gender, size of different groups and density of phenomena at the Shemiran Gateway station. Simulations were performed and the evacuation process and how people were discharged from different station paths were studied and critical factors at the time of discharge such as evacuation bottlenecks, entrance and exit gates, platforms, etcetera were identified. To address these bottlenecks and facilitate the evacuation and thus reduce the evacuation time and vulnerability and rescue the people at the station, engineering requirements (structural, architectural, facility and structural management) were introduced with a passive defense approach.

Keywords

References

[1]. B. Rahnavard and A. A. Ahmadzadeh, “Design of a Passive Defense Reception Hospital in Harris County,” Architecture Thesis, 2009. (In Persian)##
[2]. E. Dehghani, “Subway Station, Public Shelter,” Passive Defense Organization Base, 2012. (In Persian)##
[3]. M. M. Hasanloo, “Investigating and Designing Urban Design Patterns with Passive Defense Approach,” Urban Planning, 2014. (In Persian)##
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History

  • Receive Date: 26 April 2021
  • Accept Date: 26 April 2021

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