Experimental Study of Impact Strength in Ordinary Concrete under High Temperature, Along with Validation by SEM and XRD

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Civil Engineering, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran

Abstract

Increasing the resistance and resistance of structures against the forces caused by various accidents, has always been considered by design engineers. In recent decades, the creation of defensive conditions in structures of great importance and very high impact against loads is an integral part of structural designs. In this laboratory research, a mixing plan was made of ordinary concrete containing Portland cement type 2 with a grade of 500 kg/m3. Impact strength test of falling weight in concrete was performed on concrete samples at 90-day curing age at 21, 300 and 600 °C. In order to further evaluate and validate the results, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy tests were performed on concrete samples at 90 days of processing age. The results of the tests of this research were evaluated and compared with the results of the research of others. Heat application in concrete samples had a significant effect on the results. In this regard, in the drop weight test, the absorbed energy increased from 269.7214 (at 21 °C) to 41.5956 (at 600 °C) and decreased It had 76.92 percent and the flexibility index increased from 2.3 (at 21 degrees Celsius) to 2.5 (at 600 °C) and improved by 69.8 percent. At the end of this study, the results of SEM and XRD analysis at 21 °C and high temperature, while coordinating with each other, overlapped with the results of other tests in this article.

Keywords

Smiley face

References

[1] E. Gartner, "Industrially interesting approaches to “low-CO2” cements," Cement and Concrete research, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 1489-1498, 2004.
[2]   H. Du, S. Du, and X. Liu, “Durability performances of concrete with nano-silica,” Construction and building materials, 73: p. 705-712, 2014.
[3] H. F. Taylor, “Cement chemistry,” Thomas Telford, 1977.
[4] R. Bahramloo, S. Gohari. "Investigating the effect of cement and air entrained admixture (AEA) on the capillary water absorption in concrete lining of water conveyance canals". Concrete Research, 12, 4, 123-133, 2019. doi: 10.22124/jcr.2019.12654.1344
[5] M. Tadaion; hani honarmand; moosa Kalhori. "Impact of Plasticizers on The Quality of Concrete and The Reduction of the Cement Content," Concrete Research, 3, 2, 49-57, 2010
[6] A. Nosrati, Y. Zandi, M. Shariati, K. Khademi, M. Aliabad, A. Marto, & M. Khorami, “Portland cement structure and its major oxides and fineness,” Smart structures and systems, 22(2), 425-432. 2022.
[7] P. K. Mehta, P.J.M Monteiro, “Concrete: Micro-structure, properties and materials,” (3th Ed. (, Mc Graw-Hill, New York.
[8] K. Hertz, “Concrete strength for fire safety design,” Magazine of Concrete Research, 57(8): p. 445-453, 2005.
[9] M. Gholhaki and G. Pachideh, "Assessing Effect of Temperature Rise on the Concrete Containing Recycled Metal Spring and Its Comparison with Ordinary Fibres," Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (JSCE), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 141-156, 2019.
[10] Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, Theme 9 of the National Building Regulations Design and Execution of Reinforced Concrete Buildings (4 Edition), Tehran, Iran: Iran Development Publishing, 2013.
[11] D.L. Kong, and J.G. Sanjayan, “Effect of elevated temperatures on geopolymer paste, mortar and concrete,” Cement and concrete research, 40(2): p. 334-339, 2010.
[12] M. H. Zhanga, V.P.W. Shimb, G. Lua, C.W. Chewa, “Resistance of high-strength concrete to projectile impact,” International Journal of Impact Engineering 31, 825– 841, 2005.
[13] American Concrete Institute (ACI) -544.2R Committee report on Fiber Reinforced Concrete, 1999.
[14] B. Ashour, “Statistical variations in impact resistance of polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete”, International Journal of impact engineering, Vol.32, pp. 1907-1920, 2006.
[15] S. Hwang, Sheu, “Strength properties of nylon and polypropylene-fiber-reinforced concretes”, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol.35, pp. 1546- 1550, 2005.
[16] I. Türkmen, et al, “Fire resistance of geopolymer concrete produced from Ferrochrome slag by alkali activation method,” in 2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA). 2013. IEEE.
[17] D.P Bentz, “Fibers, percolation, and spalling of high-performance concrete,” Materials Journal, 97(3): p. 351-359, 2000.
[18] B. Zhang, and N. Bicanic, “Residual fracture toughness of normal-and high-strength gravel concrete after heating to 600 C,” Materials Journal, 99(3): p. 217-226, 2002.
[19] Hu, S.-g., et al., Preparation and properties of geopolymer-lightweight aggregate refractory concrete. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 16(6): p. 914-918, 2009.
[20] A. M. Rashad, "The effect of polypropylene, polyvinyl-alcohol, carbon and glass fibres on geopolymers properties," Materials Science and Technology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 127-146, 2019.
[21] M. S. Morsy, Y. A. Al-Salloum, A. Husain and S. H. Alsayed, "Behavior of blended cement mortars containing nano-metakaolin at elevated temperatures," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 35, pp. 900-905, 2012.
[22] M. amiri, M. Aryanpoor. "The Effects of High Temperatures on Concrete Performance based on Nanostructural Changes in Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H)," Concrete Research, 12, 4, 69-80, 2019.
[23] M. Khazaei, H. Khodarahmi, M. Amini Mazraeno, A. Ghoreishvandi, "Experimental Study of Steel Fibers in Improving Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete," Passive Defense Quarterly, 4, 3, 45-55, 2014.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 18 December 2021
  • Revise Date: 17 July 2022
  • Accept Date: 18 September 2022
  • Publish Date: 21 April 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics