نقش ساختار شبکه معابر شهری در شکل گیری فضاهای بی دفاع شهری نمونه موردی: محله قطارچیان شهر سنندج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، ایران

چکیده

اگر فضا عنصری مهم در ایجاد رویدادهای اجتماعی در بستر شهر قلمداد شود پس نوع کنارهم قرارگیری فضاها با یکدیگر و خوانش آن می‌تواند درک بهتری از ساختار فضایی یک محدوده اعم از شهر، محله، واحد همسایگی و امثال آن به ما ارائه دهد. الگوهای اتصال فضاها با یکدیگر، انسجام فضایی حاصل از آن‌ها و میزان عمیق بودنشان همگی در یک کلیت به ما حق انتخاب برای عبور از یک فضا را می­دهد و نیز  به ما یادآور می­شود که شبکه معابر جزئی از زیرساخت­های ماندگار شهر است که به نحوی نوع تعاملات، شکل آن‌ها و رفتارهای اجتماعی را فرم­مند می­سازد. بافت­های قدیم شهری جزء میراث تاریخی و فرهنگی شهرها بوده و واجد ارزش زیادی هستند که در این میان با دارا بودن شبکه معابری ارگانیک نوعی آشفتگی را به ذهن متبادر می­شوند. اگرچه دیروز حامل ارزش­های معنایی و هویتی خاص خود بودند اما امروز با دارا بودن ساختمان‌های نیمه­کاره، فضاهای گمشده، کنج­های تاریک، عقب­رفتگی­ها و مانند آن که عمدتاً محصول پیکره­بندی فضاست هر یک به‌سهم خود بستر لازم برای وقوع جرم احتمالی و عدم امنیت روانی کافی و در یک کلام ایجاد فضاهای بی­دفاع شهری را مهیا ساخته است. روش این پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی است. از مطالعات اسنادی در جهت تدوین مبانی نظری و نیز  نرم‌افزارهای دپس مپ و جی آی اس و مشاهدات میدانی در راستای تحلیل استفاده شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است ‌که با اصلاح هندسی برخی محورها (از جمله استخوان­بندی اصلی بافت) و دیگر معابر ارگانیک، جانمایی کاربری­هایی که موجبات سرزندگی هر چه بیشتر محله را فراهم آورد و ایجاد دسترسی­های کارآمد که قابلیت حرکتی را نیز افزایش دهد می­توان امید داشت محله قطارچیان از ورطه نابودی رهانیده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Urban Streets Network Structure in Creation of Urban Defenseless Spaces, Case study: Qatarchian Neighborhood in the City of Sanandaj

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Mavedat 1
  • M. Lorzangeneh 2
1 Assistant Professor of Urbanization, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran
2 Master of Urban Design, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran
چکیده [English]

Space is the main element in creating social events. So, with the configuration of spaces and matching them we can perceive the spatial structure of the city, neighborhood, community, etcetera. The pattern of connection of spaces and associating them gives us different choices of spaces or streets to pass through. It reminds us that the street network is an element of the urban persistent infrastructure and somehow forms the social interaction and behavior. The old urban structures are part of the historical and cultural heritage of the cities and have a great value although with their organic street network they evoke a kind of confusion. Whilst in the past they carried their own semantic and identity values in turn, today they contain decrepit buildings, lost spaces, dark corners, step-backs and so on which is mainly the product of space configuration. This condition has provided the context for the occurrence of possible crimes and insufficient psychological security, or in other words, the creation of defenseless urban spaces. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. Desk research has been used to organize the theoretical foundations of the paper, and the Depth Map and the GIS software as well as field observations have been used to analyze the data. As a result, it seems that by geometrical correction of the route axes (including the main structure of the neighborhood) and other organic streets and providing efficient access, it is possible to improve the movement of people. Moreover, by producing lively activities the Qatarchian neighborhood can escape desolation and survive.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban decay
  • Streets Network Structure
  • Defensible Spaces
  • Space Syntax
  • Qatarchian neighborhood of Sanandaj

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 بهمن 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 فروردین 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مرداد 1399

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