تحلیل ملاحظات و الزامات پدافند غیرعامل در طراحی بیمارستان‌ها: مطالعه موردی بیمارستان قلب شهید رجایی تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی پدافند غیرعامل گرایش طراحی، دانشکده و پژوهشکده پدافند غیر عامل، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار دانشکده و پژوهشکده پدافند غیر عامل، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران، ایران

3 پژوهشگر دانشکده و پژوهشکده پدافند غیر عامل، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده .

این مقاله به بررسی ملاحظات و الزامات پدافند غیرعامل در طراحی و مدیریت بیمارستان‌ها، با تأکید بر بیمارستان قلب شهید رجایی تهران، می‌پردازد. هدف اصلی پژوهش، شناسایی اصول و راهبردهای پدافند غیرعامل برای کاهش آسیب‌پذیری بیمارستان‌ها در برابر تهدیدات طبیعی و انسانی است. روش تحقیق به صورت توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده و از ابزارهایی مانند مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، مشاهده میدانی، تحلیل داده‌ها، و ارزیابی تطبیقی استفاده شده است. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که رعایت اصولی مانند مکانیابی مناسب، استحکام سازه‌ها، تفکیک ورودی‌ها، ایجاد زیرساخت‌های ایمن، و طراحی فضاهای انعطاف‌پذیر نقش کلیدی در افزایش تاب‌آوری بیمارستان‌ها ایفا می‌کند. مطالعه موردی بیمارستان قلب شهید رجایی تهران نشان داد که این مرکز درمانی در برخی ابعاد نیازمند بهبود است. یافته‌ها نشان‌دهنده آسیب‌پذیری‌هایی در حوزه‌های دسترسی و ورودی‌ها (محدودیت دسترسی، عدم وجود ورودی اضطراری مجزا، ترافیک)، محوطه (ظرفیت ناکافی پارکینگ، استاندارد نبودن هلی‌پد، ضعف حصار، عدم رعایت حریم ایمن)، ساختمان و همجواری‌ها می‌باشد. بر اساس این یافته‌ها، مجموعه‌ای از الزامات و ملاحظات شامل بهبود دسترسی‌ها، ایمن‌سازی محوطه و تأسیسات، مقاوم‌سازی ساختمان و مدیریت همجواری‌ها جهت ارتقاء تاب‌آوری و پایداری بیمارستان در برابر تهدیدات ارائه گردیده است. این پیشنهادات می‌تواند به عنوان الگویی برای سایر مراکز درمانی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Passive Defense Considerations and Requirements in Hospital Design: A Case Study of Shahid Rajaee Heart Hospital, Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Jamshidi Ghasemabadi 1
  • Fathollah Shamsaei Zafarghandy 2
  • Mohammad Hossein Mirzakouchak Khoshnevis 3
  • Seyed Ahmad Mahdinia 3
1 Center for Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty and Research Institute of Passive Defense, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
2 Center for Architecture and Urban Planning Faculty and Research Institute of Passive Defense. Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
3 Center for Science and Technology of Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty and Research Institute of Passive Defense, Imam Hossein University , Tehran, Iran
چکیده . [English]

This article examines the considerations and requirements of passive defense in the design and management of hospitals, with an emphasis on Shahid Rajaee Heart Hospital in Tehran. The main objective of the study is to identify the principles and strategies of passive defense to reduce the vulnerability of hospitals against natural and human-induced threats. The research method is descriptive-analytical, employing tools such as library studies, field observations, data analysis, and comparative evaluation. The findings indicate that adhering to principles such as proper site selection, structural reinforcement, separation of entrances, development of secure infrastructures, and the design of flexible spaces plays a key role in enhancing hospital resilience. The case study of Shahid Rajaee Heart Hospital revealed that this medical center requires improvement in several areas. The results show vulnerabilities in access and entry points (limited access, lack of a separate emergency entrance, traffic issues), the site (insufficient parking capacity, non-standard helipad, weak fencing, and inadequate safety perimeters), as well as in the building structure and adjacent areas. Based on these findings, a set of requirements and considerations—including improving accessibility, securing the premises and facilities, strengthening the building, and managing adjacent areas—has been proposed to enhance the hospital’s resilience and sustainability against potential threats. These recommendations can serve as a model for other healthcare centers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Passive Defense
  • Hospital
  • Threats
  • Considerations and Requirements
  • Shahid Rajaee Heart Hospital

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پدافند غیرعامل
دوره 16، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 63
شماره پیا پی 63 پاییز 1404
مهر 1404
صفحه 95-109

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار: 30 مهر 1404

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