بررسی میزان آگاهی و نگرش کارشناسان در مورد محصولات تراریخته

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد پدافند زیستی دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد سلولی و مولکولی، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به افزایش چشمگیر جمعیت جهان و نیاز مبرم به غذا در سال­های اخیر، پیشرفت­های مهندسی ژنتیک در ایجاد موجودات تغییریافته ژنتیکی (GMOs) باعث ورود گسترده محصولات این فنا­وری و به خصوص گیاهان تراریخته به بازار مصرف شده است. با وجود نگرانی درباره ایمنی این محصولات غذایی، و با توجه به مزایای اقتصادی، زیست محیطی، مقاومت به حشرات، علف­کش­ها و بیماری­های گیاهی، و افزایش ارزش تغذیه­ای به­‌طور مداوم بر سطح زیر کشت این گیاهان و همچنین تعداد کشاورزانی که به کشت این محصولات می‌پردازند، افزوده می‌شود. از این­رو، در این پژوهش نظرات کارشناسان رشته­های مختلف کشاورزی، زیست فناوری کشاورزی، پزشکی، پدافند، زیست­شناسان، مهندسان صنایع غذایی و دانشجویان دکترا در خصوص میزان اطلاع از جنبه­های مختلف تراریخته به کمک پرسشنامه و آزمون­های آماری مرتبط جهت تعمیم آن به عموم جامعه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. با توجه به نتایج آزمون­های تی استیودنت، تجزیه واریانس و مقایسات میانگین، در زمینه­های مختلف تراریختگی، میزان آگاهی کارشناسان  و دانشجویان مختلف تفاوت معنی­داری وجود داشت. تراریختی گیاهان و جنبه­های مختلف آن از نظر دانشجویان دکترا، کارشناسان مدیریت، مهندسین کشاورزی، زیست شناسان و مهندسین صنایع غذایی شرکت­کننده در نظرسنجی مغفول مانده بود. با توجه به آسیب­های بوم شناختی گیاهان تراریخته، فعالان محیط زیست و حشره­شناسان شرکت کننده نیاز به دوره­های آموزش ضمن خدمت برای افزایش میزان آگاهی این افراد احساس می­گردد. گروه پزشکان بالاترین میزان آگاهی در بیشتر زمینه­های گیاهان تراریخته، را در بین گروه­های مورد بررسی داشتند. با توجه به پیوستن کشور ایران به پروتکل جهان شمول کارتاهنا، متأسفانه هنوز اقدام گسترده­ای جهت برچسب­گذاری محصولات تراریخته صورت نپذیرفته است. پیاده­سازی قوانین برچسب­گذاری محصولات تراریخته در کشور، یک اقدام ضروری محسوب می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Awareness and attitude of relevant experts on transgenic products

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Honari 1
  • M. Torabikia 2
  • S. M. Aghaie 3
1 imam hoseein university
2 imam hoseein university
3 imam hoseein university
چکیده [English]

Due to the massive increase in the world population and the urgent need for food in recent years, progress in genetic engineering, creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has led to the widespread introduction of this technology, especially of genetically modified plants into the consumption market. Given the economic and environmental advantages, such as resistance to insects, herbicides and plant diseases, and increasing nutritional value of the crops, in spite of concerns about the safety of these food products their cultivation, as well as the number of farmers who cultivate them is being continuously increased. Therefore, in this research, the opinions of experts from fields of agriculture, biotechnology, passive defense and medicine, food industry engineers and PhD students were evaluated regarding the measure of information on different aspects of Genetically Modified Organisms, and various questionnaires and statistical measures were applied to draw inference about the public in general. According to the results of t-test, analysis of variance and mean comparisons, there was a significant difference between different experts and students, concerning knowledge about different areas of transference. PhD students, management experts, agricultural engineers, biologists and food industry engineers who participated in the survey were unfamiliar with transformation and its various aspects. Regarding ecological damage of genetically modified plants, environmentalists and entomologists need to have mid-career training courses to increase their knowledge. The group of doctors had the highest level of knowledge about Genetically Modified Organisms among the groups involved in this study. Regarding the accession of Iran to the Universal Protocol of Cartagena, unfortunately, there has been no perfect action regarding the labeling of transgenic products. Given the identification of transgenic elements within all the tested examples in this study and the probability of them being genetically modified, the implementation of the rule of labeling transgenic products in the country is an indispensable step.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transformation products
  • food security
  • passive defense

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 دی 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 اسفند 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 اردیبهشت 1398

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