ارزیابی میزان خطرپذیری کالبدی سکونتگاه‌های شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر اهواز)

پوریارمحمدی, مژده; احمدی, حسن; سالاری پور, علی اکبر; نداف, صادق

ارزیابی میزان خطرپذیری کالبدی سکونتگاه‌های شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر اهواز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ .

² استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه گیلان

³ -

چکیده

در شهرها همواره احتمال وقوع وضعیت غیرعادی وجود دارد، و با تغییر شرایط و خروج از وضعیت عادی، شهرها با مشکلاتی مواجه می‌گردند. خطراتی همچون حوادث طبیعی و غیرطبیعی، می‌توانند شرایط بحرانی را ایجاد نمایند. امروزه مدیریت بحران‌های انسان‌ساخت با موضوع پدافندغیرعامل و مبحث تاب‌آوری عجین گردیده و رویکردی موثر در جهت کاهش مشکلات در هنگام وقوع بحران‌ها را فراهم می‌آورد. عوامل‌کالبدی نقش بسیار مهمی را در مدیریت این‌گونه بحران‌ها دارا است. اهواز از جمله شهرهای راهبردی ایران می‌باشد که با توجه به موقعیت جغرافیایی؛ منابع طبیعی و صنایع موجود، همواره مستعد خطر بوده‌است. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر شناسایی پهنه‌های خطرپذیر کالبدی شهر اهواز و ارائه راهبردهای مناسب، به منظور افزایش تاب‌آوری‌شهری می‌باشد. پژوهش پیش‌رو، ترکیبی از روش‌های توصیفی، اسنادی، توسعه‌ای و تحلیلی و با ماهیت نظری-کاربردی است که با اتکا به روش ژرفانگر به بیان کمیت و کیفیت مولفه‌های مربوط به اصول و معیارهای مناسب پدافندغیرعامل با رویکرد تاب‌آوری‌شهر اهواز می‌پردازد. و با در نظر گرفتن معیارهایی چون هسته‌های‌ شهری، عمر بافت، تراکم‌ساختمانی، الگوی ‌همجواری‌کاربری‌ها، شبکه‌ معابر و نقاط راهبردی؛ درصدد ارزیابی خطرپذیری‌کالبدی شهر اهواز است. بدین منظور 14 شاخص در قالب معیارهای فوق با اولویت کمترین خطرپذیری تهیه شد. شاخص‌ها توسط نرم‌افزار SuperDecisions وزن‌دهی گردید، سپس در محیط ArcGIS نقشه‌سازی‌ها انجام پذیرفت. نتایج حاصله نشان‌دهنده آن است که به جز مناطق محدودی درغرب، شمال‌غربی و جنوب‌غربی، سایر مناطق از خطرپذیری بالایی برخودار بوده و این مناطق نیازمند توجه بیشتری در راستای دستیابی به استانداردهای مطلوب در حوزه تاب‌آوری و پدافندغیرعامل هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.20086849.1400.12.4.8.0

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Assessment of Physical Vulnerability of Urban Settlements (Case Study: Ahvaz City)

نویسندگان [English]

Mozhdeh Pouryarmohammadi ¹
Hasan Ahmadi ²
Ali Akbar Salaripour ²
Sadegh Nadaf ³

¹ .

² Assistant Professor of Urban Planning, University of Guilan

³ -

چکیده [English]

Cities always face the possibility of abnormal situations and encounter problems when the normal conditions change. Man-made hazards and natural disasters can lead to crises. Nowadays, the management of man-made crises is intertwined with the issues of passive defense and resilience, and provides an effective approach to reduce problems in hard times. Physical factors play a crucial role in crisis management. Ahvaz is one of the strategic cities of Iran, which has always been at risk due to its geographical location, natural resources, and industries. This study aims primarily to identify the physically risk-prone zones of Ahvaz and provide appropriate strategies to increase urban resilience. Based on the intensive method, this research has used a combination of descriptive, documentary, developmental, and analytical methods with a theoretical-applied nature, to express the quantity and quality of components related to the principles and criteria of passive defense regarding the resilience of Ahvaz city. The physical risk-proneness of Ahvaz is evaluated considering some criteria such as the urban cores, the age of ancient neighborhoods, the building density, the patterns of neighboring land uses, the network of passages and strategic areas. For this purpose, 14 indices were prepared according to the mentioned criteria with the lowest risk priority. The indices were weighted by Super Decisions software, then mapped in the ArcGIS environment. The results show that except for some small areas in the west, northwest and southwest regions, other areas are at high risk and require more attention to achieve the desired standards in the field of resilience and passive defense.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Physical Vulnerability
Ahvaz City
Passive Defense
Resilience
Urban Management

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