تحلیل طراحی مجموعه زیر‌زمینیِ اوییِ نوش‌آباد از منظر پدافند غیرعامل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه فناوری معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فناوری معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

چکیده

معماریِ دفاعی یکی از ارزش­های پنهان بافت­های تاریخی است و پدافند غیرعامل براساس نوع کاربری و خطرات مختلف در ادوار تاریخی،  معیارهای متفاوتی دارد. امروزه با پیشرفت فنّاوری و تغییر مخاطرات، اصول پدافند غیرعامل نیز دستخوش تغییر شده، اما تدابیر اولیه در بناهای تاریخی با اصول جدید و امروزیِ دفاع غیرعامل قابل‌مقایسه است. مجموعه زیرزمینی اویی نوش­آباد به‌عنوان یک بافت­ تاریخی با قدمت 1400 سال که تاکنون قسمت محدودی از آن شناسایی‌شده، نمونه­ای از معماری دفاعی گذشته بوده و امکان مطالعه اصول پدافند غیرعامل را مهیا می­سازد. هدف از این پژوهش در بخش اول شناخت طرح معماری و در بخش دوم تحلیل تمهیدات پدافند غیرعامل در  مجموعه زیرزمینی اویی و بررسی چگونگی کاربرد این مؤلفه­ها در طراحی عناصر معماری و سازمان فضایی آن است. در این مقاله به­روش       توصیفی- تحلیلی و با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه­ای و برداشت­های میدانی، ضمن معرفی و شناخت طرح معماری این مجموعه زیرزمینی، اصول پدافند غیرعامل  مورد بررسی قرارگرفته و مولفه­ها و وجوه آن با استفاده از منابع مختلف استخراج­ و تحلیل شده­است. نتایج پژوهش نشان      ­می­دهد که در این مجموعه زیرزمینی از فن­ها و تدابیر متعدد در حوزه پدافند غیرعامل در بخش­های  معماری، سازه و تاسیسات متناسب با نوع مخاطرات و تجهیزات زمان گذشته استفاده­شده و این موضوع هوش و ذکاوت پیشینیان ما و اطلاع کامل از اصول کلی پدافند غیرعامل از ده­ها قرن قبل را نشان می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Design Analysis of Noshabad Owi Underground Complex from the Perspective of Passive Defense

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Hossein Sadeghpour 1
  • Babak Alemi 1
  • Fatemeh Parchebaf Motlagh 2
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Art, University of Kashan
2 MSC. Student
چکیده [English]

Defense architecture is one of the hidden values of historical contexts and passive defense has different criteria based on the type of use and different dangers in historical periods. Today, with the advancement of technology and the change of dangers, the principles of passive defense have also changed, but the initial measures in historical monuments are comparable to the new and modern principles of passive defense. Noshabad Owi Underground Complex, as a 1400-year-old historical site of which only a limited part has been identified so far, is an example of past defense architecture and allows the study of passive defense principles. The purpose of this research is to identify the architectural design in the first part and to analyze the passive defense arrangements in the Owi underground complex in the second part and to investigate how these components are used in the design of architectural elements and its spatial organization. In this article, using descriptive-analytical method and using library resources and field perceptions, while introducing and recognizing the architectural design of this underground complex, the principles of passive defense have been studied and its components and aspects using different sources. Has been extracted and analyzed. The results show that in this underground complex, various techniques and measures in the field of passive defense have been used in the fields of architecture, structures and facilities in accordance with the type of hazards and equipment of the past, and this is the intelligence of the predecessors. It shows us and complete knowledge of the general principles of passive defense from decades ago.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Passive Defense
  • Owi Underground Complex
  • Noshabad City
  • Architectural Design

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